Cinjirku waa nooc ka mid ah walxo polymer ah oo dabacsan, iyadoo uu ku jiro xoog yar oo dibadda ah, wuxuu muujin karaa heer sare oo isbeddel ah, ka dib marka laga saaro xoogga dibadda, wuxuu ku soo laaban karaa qaabkiisii asalka ahaa. Sababtoo ah dabacsanaanta sare ee cinjirka, waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa barkimooyinka, shoogga u adkaysta, shaabad firfircoon, iwm. Codsiga warshadaha daabacaadda waxaa ka mid ah duubab caag ah oo kala duwan iyo bustayaal daabacan. Iyadoo horumarka warshadaha cinjirka uu socdo, alaabada cinjirka ayaa laga sameeyay hal isticmaal oo cinjir dabiici ah ilaa noocyo kala duwan oo cinjir macmal ah.
1. Cinjir dabiici ah
Kaarboorka dabiiciga ah waxaa ku badan hydrocarbons-ka caagga ah (polysoprene), oo ka kooban xaddi yar oo borotiin ah, biyo, asiidhyada resin, sonkor iyo cusbo aan dabiici ahayn. Kaarboorka dabiiciga ah wuxuu leeyahay dabacsanaan weyn, xoog jiidis sare, iska caabin aad u fiican oo jeexjeexa iyo dahaarka korontada, iska caabin wanaagsan oo xirasho iyo iska caabin abaareed, habayn wanaagsan, kaarboorka dabiiciga ah si fudud ayaa loogu xidhi karaa agabyo kale, waxqabadkiisa guudna wuu ka fiican yahay inta badan kaarboorka synthetic-ga. Cilladaha ka jira kaarboorka dabiiciga ah waa iska caabin liidata oo u dhaxaysa oksijiinta iyo ozone-ka, si fudud loo gaboobo oo u xumaada; iska caabin liidata oo u dhaxaysa saliidda iyo dareereyaasha, iska caabin hooseeya oo u dhaxaysa aashitada iyo alkali, iska caabin yar oo daxal ah; iska caabin kulaylka oo hooseeya. Heerkulka hawlgalka ee kaarboorka dabiiciga ah: qiyaastii -60℃~+80℃Kaarboon dabiici ah ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu sameeyo taayirro, kabo caag ah, tuubooyin, cajalado, lakabyo dahaadh ah iyo godad fiilooyin iyo fiilooyin, iyo alaabooyin kale oo guud. Kaarboon dabiici ah ayaa si gaar ah ugu habboon soo saarista baabi'iyeyaasha gariirka ee torsional, nuugayaasha shoogga matoorka, taageerooyinka mashiinka, walxaha birta caagga ah ee laalaada, diaphragms, iyo alaabada la qaabeeyey.
2. SBR
SBR waa copolymer ka samaysan butadiene iyo styrene. Waxqabadka caagga styrene-butadiene wuxuu u dhow yahay kan caagga dabiiciga ah, waana wax soo saarka ugu weyn ee caagga sintetik ah ee loogu talagalay guud ahaan. Astaamaha caagga styrene-butadiene ayaa ah in iska caabbinta xirashada, iska caabbinta gabowga iyo iska caabbinta kulaylka ay ka badan tahay caagga dabiiciga ah, qaab-dhismeedkiisuna uu ka siman yahay caagga dabiiciga ah. Khasaaraha caagga styrene-butadiene waa: dabacsanaan yar, iska caabbinta dabacsanaanta liidata iyo iska caabbinta jeexjeexa; waxqabadka farsamaynta oo liita, gaar ahaan isku-dhejinta liidata iyo xoogga caagga cagaaran oo hooseeya. Heerkulka caagga styrene-butadiene: qiyaastii -50℃~+100℃Kaarboorka Styrene butadiene waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa in lagu beddelo cinjirka dabiiciga ah si loo sameeyo taayirro, go'yaal cinjir ah, tuubooyin, kabo cinjir ah iyo alaabooyin kale oo guud.
3. Cinjir Nitrile ah
Kaarboorka Nitrile waa copolymer ka kooban butadiene iyo acrylonitrile. Kaarboorka Nitrile waxaa lagu gartaa iska caabintiisa aadka u wanaagsan ee saliidda gaaska iyo saliidda aliphatic hydrocarbon, oo ka xigta oo keliya kaarboorka polysulfide, acrylic ester iyo kaarboorka fluorine, halka kaarboorka nitrile uu ka sarreeyo kaarboorka kale ee guud ahaan loo isticmaalo. Iska caabbinta kulaylka oo wanaagsan, cidhiidhiga hawada oo wanaagsan, iska caabbinta xirashada iyo iska caabbinta biyaha, iyo isku dhejinta xooggan. Khasaaraha ka dhasha kaarboorka nitrile waa iska caabbinta qabow ee liidata iyo iska caabbinta ozone, xoog yar iyo dabacsanaan, iska caabbinta aashitada oo liidata, dahaarka korontada oo liita, iyo iska caabbinta liita ee dareerayaasha polar. Kala duwanaanshaha heerkulka ee kaarboorka nitrile: qiyaastii -30℃~+100℃Cinjirka Nitrile waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa in lagu sameeyo badeecooyin kala duwan oo u adkaysta saliidda, sida tuubooyinka, alaabta shaabadaysan, duubayaasha cinjirka, iwm.
4. Cinjir nitrile ah oo hydrogenated ah
Kaarboorka nitrile ee hydrogenated waa copolymer-ka butadiene iyo acrylonitrile. Kaarboorka nitrile ee hydrogenated waxaa laga helaa iyadoo si buuxda ama qayb ahaan loo hago isku xidhka labanlaabka ah ee butadiene ee NBR. Kaarboorka nitrile ee hydrogenated waxaa lagu gartaa xoog farsamo oo sare iyo iska caabin xoqid, iska caabbinta kulaylka ayaa ka fiican NBR marka la isku xidho peroxide, sifooyinka kalena waxay la mid yihiin kaarboorka nitrile. Khasaaraha ka dhasha kaarboorka nitrile ee hydrogenated waa qiimahiisa sare. Kala duwanaanshaha heerkulka ee kaarboorka nitrile ee hydrogenated: qiyaastii -30℃~+150℃Cinjirka nitrile-ka ee hydrogenated-ka ah waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa alaabada shaabadaysan ee u adkaysta saliidda iyo heerkulka sare.
5. Caag Ethylene propylene ah
Kaarboorka Ethylene propylene waa copolymer ka samaysan ethylene iyo propylene, guud ahaanna waxaa loo qaybiyaa laba kaarboorka ethylene propylene ee yuan iyo saddex kaarboorka ethylene propylene ee yuan. Kaarboorka Ethylene-propylene waxaa lagu gartaa iska caabin ozone oo aad u fiican, iska caabin ultraviolet, iska caabin cimilada iyo iska caabin gabowga, isagoo kaalinta koowaad ka galay kaarboorka guud ee loogu talagalay. Kaarboorka Ethylene-propylene wuxuu leeyahay dahaar koronto oo wanaagsan, iska caabin kiimiko, dabacsanaan saameyn, iska caabin aashito iyo alkali, cuf-isjiidadka gaarka ah oo hooseeya, waxaana loo isticmaali karaa buuxinta sare. Iska caabbinta kulaylka waxay gaari kartaa 150°C, waana u adkaysta dareerayaasha polar-ka - ketones, esters, iwm., laakiin ethylene propylene rubber uma adkaysato hydrocarbons-ka aliphatic iyo hydrocarbons-ka udgoonka leh. Sifooyinka kale ee jireed iyo farsamo ee ethylene propylene rubber waa kuwo ka hooseeya rubberka dabiiciga ah waxayna ka sarreeyaan styrene butadiene rubberka. Khasaaraha rubberka ethylene-propylene waa inuu leeyahay isku-dhejin liidata iyo isku-dhejin labada dhinac ah, mana fududa in la isku xidho. Heerkulka rubberka ethylene propylene: qiyaastii -50℃~+150℃Cinjirka Ethylene-propylene waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa dahaarka qalabka kiimikada, dahaarka siligga iyo fiilada, tuubada uumiga, suunka gudbiyaha kulaylka u adkaysta, alaabada caagga baabuurta iyo alaabada kale ee warshadaha.
6. Cinjir silikoon ah
Cinjirka silikoonku waa cinjir gaar ah oo leh atamka silikoon iyo oksijiin ee silsiladda ugu weyn. Curiyaha silikoonku wuxuu door weyn ka ciyaaraa cinjirka silikoonka. Astaamaha ugu muhiimsan ee cinjirka silikoonku waa iska caabin heerkul sare (ilaa 300°C) iyo iska caabbinta heerkulka hooseeya (ugu hooseeya -100)°C). Hadda waa caagga ugu fiican ee u adkaysta heerkulka sare; isla markaana, caagga silikoonku wuxuu leeyahay dahaadh koronto oo aad u fiican wuxuuna u adkeysan karaa oksaydhka kulaylka iyo ozone-ka. Waa mid aad u adkaysta oo kiimiko ahaan aan firfircoonayn. Khasaaraha caagga silikoonku waa xoog farsamo oo hooseeya, iska caabin saliid oo liidata, iska caabin dareere ah, iska caabin aashito iyo alkali ah, way adag tahay in la dilo, waana qaali. Heerkulka hawlgalka caagga silikoon: -60℃~+200℃Kaarboorka silikoon waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa in lagu sameeyo badeecooyin u adkaysta heerkulka sare iyo kan hooseeya (tuubooyinka, shaabadaha, iwm.), iyo silig iyo dahaar fiilooyin oo u adkaysta heerkulka sare. Maadaama uusan sun ahayn oo aan dhadhan lahayn, kaarboorka silikoon waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa warshadaha cuntada iyo caafimaadka.
7. Cinjir Polyurethane ah
Kaarboorka Polyurethane wuxuu leeyahay elastomer oo laga sameeyay polymerization-ka polyester (ama polyether) iyo isku-dhafka diisocyanate. Kaarboorka Polyurethane waxaa lagu gartaa iska caabin wanaagsan oo xoqid ah, kaas oo ah kan ugu fiican dhammaan noocyada caagga; kaarboorka polyurethane wuxuu leeyahay xoog sare, dabacsanaan wanaagsan iyo iska caabin saliid oo aad u fiican. Kaarboorka Polyurethane sidoo kale waa mid aad u fiican iska caabinta ozone, iska caabinta gabowga, iyo adkeynta hawada. Khasaaraha ka dhasha kaarboorka polyurethane waa iska caabinta heerkulka oo liidata, iska caabinta biyaha iyo alkali oo liidata, iyo iska caabinta liidata ee ka timaadda kaarboorka udgoonka leh, kaarboorka koloriin ku jira, iyo dareereyaasha sida ketones, esters, iyo alkohols. Kala duwanaanshaha heerkulka isticmaalka ee kaarboorka polyurethane: qiyaastii -30℃~+80℃Kaarboorka Polyurethane waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu sameeyo taayiro u dhow qaybaha, gaaska, alaabada shoogga u adkaysata, duubayaasha cinjirka, iyo alaabada cinjirka u adkaysta xirashada, xoogga sare leh iyo kuwa saliidda u adkaysta.
Waqtiga boostada: Luulyo-07-2021
