Kaarboorka macmalku waa mid ka mid ah saddexda agab ee ugu waaweyn ee macmalka ah waxaana si weyn loogu isticmaalaa dhinacyo kala duwan oo warshadaha ah, difaaca qaranka, gaadiidka iyo nolol maalmeedka. Kaarboorka macmalka ah ee waxqabadka sare leh iyo kan shaqeynaya waa agab aasaasi ah oo muhiim ah oo lagama maarmaan u ah horumarinta xilligan cusub, waana sidoo kale kheyraad istaraatiijiyadeed oo muhiim u ah dalka.
Alaabada gaarka ah ee caagga ah ee macmal ah waxay tilmaamaysaa agabyada caagga ah ee ka duwan agabka guud ee caagga ah waxayna leeyihiin sifooyin gaar ah sida iska caabbinta heerkulka sare iyo kan hoose, iska caabbinta gabowga, iska caabbinta ablation, iyo iska caabbinta kiimikada, oo inta badan ah caagga nitrile ee hydrogenated (HNBR), thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV), caagga Silicone, caagga fluorine, caagga fluorosilicone, caagga acrylate, iwm. Iyada oo ay ugu wacan tahay sifooyinkeeda gaarka ah, agabyada gaarka ah ee caagga ah ayaa noqday agabyada muhiimka ah ee lagama maarmaanka u ah horumarinta istaraatiijiyadaha qaranka ee waaweyn iyo goobaha soo baxaya sida hawada sare, difaaca qaranka iyo warshadaha militariga, macluumaadka elektaroonigga ah, tamarta, deegaanka, iyo badda.
1. Cinjirka nitrile-ka ee hydrogenated (HNBR)
Kaarboorka nitrile-ka ee hydrogenated waa walax caag ah oo aad u buuxan oo laga helo iyadoo si xushmad leh loogu nuugo unugyada butadiene ee silsiladda caagga nitrile si loo hagaajiyo iska caabbinta kulaylka iyo iska caabbinta gabowga ee caagga nitrile butadiene (NBR). , astaamihiisa ugu weyn ayaa ah in la isticmaali karo muddo dheer heerkul ah 150 ℃, walina wuxuu ilaalin karaa sifooyinka jireed iyo farsamada sare heerkulka sare, kaas oo si fiican u dabooli kara shuruudaha gaarka ah ee iska caabbinta heerkulka sare iyo iska caabbinta kiimikada ee agabka baabuurta, hawada sare, goobta saliidda iyo beeraha kale. Shuruudaha, oo si aad ah loo isticmaalo, sida shaabadda saliidda baabuurta, qaybaha nidaamka shidaalka, suunka gudbinta baabuurta, sanduuqyada qabashada qodista iyo bistooladaha dhoobada, daabacaadda iyo duubabka caagga dharka, shaabaddaha hawada sare, agabka nuugista shoogga, iwm.
2. Heerkulbeegga Vulcanizate (TPV)
Vulcanizates-ka Thermoplastic, oo loo soo gaabiyo TPVs, waa fasal gaar ah oo ah elastomers-ka thermoplastic-ka oo ay soo saaraan "vulcanization firfircoon" oo ah isku-darka aan la miscible-ka ee thermoplastics iyo elastomers, tusaale ahaan xulashada marxaladda elastomer inta lagu jiro isku-darka dhalaalka ee thermoplastic-ka Isku-xirka galmada. Vulcanization isku mar ah ee wejiga caagga ah marka uu joogo wakiil isku-xidhan (waxaa laga yaabaa inay yihiin peroxides, diamines, dardar-geliyayaasha sulfur, iwm.) inta lagu jiro isku-darka dhalaalka ee thermoplastics waxay keentaa matrix thermoplastic joogto ah oo vulcanizate ah oo ka kooban caag isku-xidhan oo kala firirsan. Walxaha ku jira wejiga, vulcanization firfircoon wuxuu horseedaa koror ku yimaada viscosity-ka caagga ah, kaas oo kor u qaada rogrogmada wejiga wuxuuna bixiyaa qaab-dhismeedka wejiyada badan ee TPV. TPV waxay leedahay labadaba waxqabadka la mid ah caagga thermosetting iyo xawaaraha farsamaynta ee thermoplastics, kuwaas oo inta badan lagu muujiyo saamiga waxqabadka/qiimaha sare, naqshad dabacsan, miisaan fudud, kala duwanaanta heerkulka hawlgalka ballaaran, farsamaynta fudud, tayada badeecada iyo xasilloonida cabbirka Iyo dib loo warshadayn karo, si ballaaran loogu isticmaalo qaybaha baabuurta, dhismaha korontada, shaabadaynta iyo meelaha kale.
3. Cinjir silikoon ah
Kaarboorka silikoonku waa nooc gaar ah oo caag macmal ah kaas oo laga sameeyay polysiloxane toosan oo lagu qasay buuxinta xoojinta, buuxinta shaqada iyo waxyaabaha lagu daro, wuxuuna noqdaa elastomer u eg shabakad ka dib marka la kululeeyo xaaladaha kululaynta iyo cadaadiska. Waxay leedahay iska caabin heer sare ah iyo mid hooseeya oo heer sare ah, iska caabin cimilada, iska caabinta ozone, iska caabin qaanso, dahaarka korontada, iska caabinta qoyaanka, u-adeegsiga hawada sare iyo inertia jireed. Waxay leedahay codsiyo badan oo warshadaha casriga ah, elektaroonigga iyo korontada, baabuurta, dhismaha, caafimaadka, daryeelka shakhsi ahaaneed iyo meelaha kale, waxayna noqotay agab aan laga maarmi karin oo heer sare ah oo ku jira hawada sare, difaaca iyo warshadaha militariga, wax soo saarka caqliga leh iyo meelaha kale.
4. Cinjir Fluorine ah
Kaarboonka Fluorine waxaa loola jeedaa walax caag ah oo ay ku jirto fluorine oo ka kooban atamka fluorine ee ku yaal atamka kaarboon ee silsiladda ugu weyn ama silsiladaha dhinaca. Sifooyinkeeda gaarka ah waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa astaamaha qaabdhismeedka atamka fluorine. Kaarboonka Fluorine waxaa loo isticmaali karaa 250°C muddo dheer, heerkulka ugu badan ee adeegga wuxuu gaari karaa 300°C, halka heerkulka adeegga xadka ee EPDM-ka dhaqameed iyo caagga butyl uu yahay 150°C oo keliya. Marka laga soo tago iska caabbinta heerkulka sare, kaarboonka fluorine wuxuu leeyahay iska caabbin saliid oo aad u fiican, iska caabbinta kiimikada, iska caabbinta aashitada iyo alkali, waxqabadkiisa dhammaystiranna waa kan ugu fiican dhammaan agabka elastomer-ka caagga ah. Waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa iska caabbinta saliidda ee gantaallada, gantaallada, diyaaradaha, maraakiibta, baabuurta iyo gawaarida kale. Goobaha gaarka ah sida shaabadeynta iyo dhuumaha u adkaysta saliidda waa agab muhiim ah oo lagama maarmaan u ah dhaqaalaha qaranka iyo warshadaha difaaca qaranka iyo militariga.
5. Cinjir akrilat ah (ACM)
Kaarboorka Acrylate (ACM) waa elastomer laga helo isku-darka acrylate oo ah monomer-ka ugu weyn. Silsiladdiisa ugu weyn waa silsilad kaarboon oo buuxa, kooxaha dhinacyaduna waa kooxo ester polar ah. Sababtoo ah qaab-dhismeedkeeda gaarka ah, waxay leedahay astaamo badan oo aad u fiican, sida iska caabbinta kulaylka, iska caabbinta gabowga, iska caabbinta saliidda, iska caabbinta ozone, iska caabbinta UV, iwm., sifooyinkeeda farsamada iyo sifooyinka farsamaynta ayaa ka wanaagsan caagga fluororubber iyo silicone, iska caabbinta kulaylka, iska caabbinta gabowga iyo iska caabbinta saliidda ayaa aad u fiican. ee caagga nitrile. ACM si weyn ayaa loogu isticmaalaa deegaanno kala duwan oo heerkul sare leh iyo kuwa saliidda u adkaysta, waxayna noqotay walxo shaabadaysan oo ay horumarisay warshadaha baabuurta sannadihii la soo dhaafay.
Waqtiga boostada: Sebteembar-27-2022
