Maxaa loogu baahan yahay in caaggu la qalajiyo? Waa maxay faa'iidooyinka caagga la qalajiyo?
In kasta oo caagga cayriin ee caagga ah uu leeyahay astaamo adeegsi oo waxtar leh, haddana waxa uu leeyahay cillado badan, sida xoog hooseeya iyo dabacsanaan hoose; Qabowgu wuxuu ka dhigaa mid adag, kululuna wuxuu ka dhigaa mid dhegdheg leh; Si fudud loo gaboobo, iwm. Horraantii 1840-meeyadii, waxaa la ogaaday in caaggu uu mari karo isku xidhka isdhaafka ah isagoo ku kululeynaya baaruud. Sidaa darteed, ilaa hadda, inkastoo caaggu lagu xidhi karo oo keliya baaruud, laakiin sidoo kale wakiillo kale oo badan oo isku xidhka kiimikada iyo hababka jireed iyo kiimikada, warshadaha caagga, had iyo jeer waxaa caado u ahayd in isku xidhka caagga loogu yeero "vulcanization", halka warshadaha wax soo saarka balaastikada mararka qaarkood loogu yeero falcelinta isku xidhka isdhaafka ah bogsashada. Vulcanization si weyn ayuu u hagaajiyaa waxqabadka caagga cayriin, wuxuu ballaariyaa kala duwanaanshaha codsiga ee caagga, wuxuuna aasaaska u dhigaa wax soo saarka warshadaha iyo codsiga caagga ee baaxadda weyn.
Vulcanization-ka caaggu waa mid ka mid ah hababka ugu muhiimsan ee farsamaynta wax soo saarka caagga, waana tallaabada ugu dambeysa ee farsamaynta wax soo saarka caagga. Habkan, caaggu wuxuu maraa isbeddello kiimiko oo isku dhafan, laga bilaabo isku darka balaastikada ilaa caag aad u dabacsan ama adag oo isku xiran, si loo helo sifooyin jireed oo dhammaystiran, farsamo iyo kiimiko, loona horumariyo loona ballaariyo qiimaha isticmaalka iyo kala duwanaanshaha isticmaalka ee agabka caagga. Sidaa darteed, vulcanization-ku waa mid muhiimad weyn u leh soo saarista iyo adeegsiga caagga iyo alaabtiisa.
Fikradda vulcanization
Vulcanization waxaa loola jeedaa badeecada nus-dhammaystiran oo laga sameeyay walxo caag ah oo leh balaastik iyo dheellitir gaar ah (caag cayriin ah, isku-darka balaastikada ah, caag isku dhafan) iyada oo loo marayo habayn ku habboon (sida rogidda, soo saarista, qaabaynta, iwm.) xaalado dibadeed oo gaar ah, iyada oo loo marayo arrimo kiimiko ah (sida nidaamka vulcanization) ama arrimo jireed (sida γ Habka loogu beddelayo saameynta shucaaca alaabada caagga jilicsan ee laastikada ah ama alaabada caagga adag si loo helo waxqabad isticmaalka. Inta lagu jiro habka vulcanization, xaaladaha dibadeed (sida kulaylinta ama shucaaca) waxay keenaan falcelin kiimiko ah oo u dhaxaysa caagga cayriin ee qaybaha walxaha caagga ah iyo wakiilka vulcanizing ama inta u dhaxaysa caagga cayriin iyo caagga cayriin, taasoo keenta isku xidhka macromolecules-ka caagga toosan ee macromolecules-ka qaabaysan ee shabakadda saddex-geesoodka ah.
Falcelintan awgeed, sifooyinka kala duwan ee caagga ayaa si weyn loo hagaajiyay, taasoo u suurtagelisay alaabada caagga inay helaan sifooyin jireed, farsamo, iyo kuwo kale oo dabooli kara baahiyaha isticmaalka badeecada. Nuxurka vulcanization waa isku xidhka, kaas oo ah habka loo beddelo qaab-dhismeedka molecular-ka caagga toosan qaab-dhismeedka shabakadda booska.
Habka Sulfurization
Ka dib marka la miisaamo xaddiga isku-dhafka ah ee caagga iyo walxaha qallajiya, tallaabada xigta waa in lagu daro walxaha qallajiya. Waxaa lagu talinayaa inaad raacdo tallaabooyinka soo socda si aad u dhammaystirto.
1. Marka hore, nadiifi warshadda furitaanka si aad u hubiso nadiifinteeda si looga hortago isku darka wasakhda kale. Kadib hagaaji heerka duubista ee warshadda furitaanka ugu yaraan oo ku shub caagga isku dhafan warshadda furitaanka si aad u hesho marin khafiif ah. Ka dib marka marinka khafiifka ah la dhammeeyo, kala fogaanshaha duubista ee qasacadda waa in si habboon loo ballaariyaa si loo hubiyo in caagga isku dhafan si siman loogu duubo duubabka. Heerkulka dusha sare ee caagga isku dhafan waa inuu ahaadaa qiyaastii 80oC.
2. Marka la hagaajiyo heerka rogidda iyo si habboon u qaboojinta biyaha, heerkulka caagga isku dhafan waxaa lagu xakameeyaa qiyaastii 60-80 ° C. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, wakiilka vulcanizing-ka ayaa la bilaabayaa in lagu daro caagga isku dhafan.
Waqtiga boostada: Oktoobar-25-2023
